My tenant-buyer never got close to a loan in thirty months
Posting this as the beginner version because I was a beginner at it, even though I already had six units at the time.
The house: 3 bed 1 bath, 1,100 square feet, older neighborhood at the low end of my market. Bought it at $118k, put $9k in, figured $155k value. I didn't want a sixth set of tenants, I wanted an exit.
What I wrote: 24 month option, $4,000 option fee, rent $1,395 with $400 a month credited, strike $164k. Couple in their thirties, one steady income, told me they were at 601 with two collections and were "working on it". I believed them because they were nice and because the $4,000 felt like proof.
Month 24 came and they weren't close. No lender relationship at all, and the score had gone down, not up, because they'd opened a car loan. I extended six months for $1,500. Month 30 they told me they were moving in with her mother.
What it cost, against just renting the thing:
Deferred maintenance $6,800. They had an owner's mindset about decorating and a tenant's mindset about reporting problems, and I'd put everything under $400 on them, so nothing under $400 ever got reported. A toilet leak that would have been $180 in month 8 was a subfloor and a vanity in month 27.
Vacancy and turn, seven weeks, about $3,100 all in.
Legal $2,900. When they left there was a dispute about the $12,000 of accumulated credits, and their cousin told them they had an equitable interest in the house. They didn't get anywhere with it, but I paid a lawyer to establish that, and how equitable interest arguments land depends on your state and on how the paperwork was written.
Set against that, I kept $4,000 plus $1,500 plus 30 months of rent at $265 above market. Net I'm out roughly $5,000 against a plain rental, and 30 months of assuming the house was sold when it wasn't.
What I'd do differently, plainly. No option unless there's a named loan officer who has pulled their credit and written down what has to change and by when. Written checkpoints at month 6 and 12, with the extension price already in the document. Repairs above $200 stay with me so problems get reported. Option separate from lease, which I did do, and it's the only reason the credits argument was short. And I'd price the strike so that no exercise is an acceptable outcome instead of a failure.