Sold 60 percent of my crew's year before January, and it held through a lumber jump
Closing out the first full year with three carpenters on payroll instead of me and a helper, and the thing that made it survivable was signing two investors to reserved-hours agreements in December.
Structure: each of them reserves a block of crew hours per month, 240 for the flipper who does about nine houses a year, 160 for a landlord group doing turns and unit renovations. They pay for the reserved block whether or not they fill it, at $86 an hour blended. Unreserved hours above the block bill at $104. That gap is the whole incentive design. They fill their block because it's already bought, and they schedule me four weeks out instead of calling on a Tuesday.
Year one numbers: 4,880 billed hours against 5,220 available, so 93 percent of capacity sold. Gross margin on labor 31 percent, materials handled at 12 percent markup on about $340k of pass through. Net to the business after my own draw, $71k.
The near-death: the landlord group's draws come off a lender and in April a draw sat for 26 days. Payroll is every Friday and doesn't care. I got through it on a line of credit at a cost of about $1,900 in interest and one very bad weekend. Rewrote both agreements in June to net 10 from invoice with the reserved block invoiced on the first of the month, and added a materials deposit on anything over $8,000.
On materials, both agreements carry an escalation line. If the published index for framing lumber moves more than 7 percent between bid and order, the difference passes through with receipts. I used it once, for $3,100, and neither client argued because they'd read the clause when it was hypothetical.
What I'd keep: selling the block, not the job. What I'd change: I priced the reserved rate off last year's wages and my lead carpenter got an offer in September that cost me a $6 an hour raise I hadn't budgeted.