What it costs when a drone roof scan stands in for a roof inspection
Here is a case worth studying because the failure is a boring underwriting one. A small mixed-use building, two retail bays downstairs and four apartments up, in a secondary market, bought by a capital partner with a local operator running the asset. The building has two roof sections. The front is a pitched shingle section over the apartments. The back is a low-slope section over the retail bays, the kind that is nearly flat and drains to two interior drains. Picture a tight inspection window where the preferred roofer is three weeks out. The seller has a drone package from the marketing side, a licensed Part 107 pilot with a decent camera, and the pilot offers to reshoot the roof for $475 with close-in stills. The imagery comes back clean. No missing shingles, no obvious punctures, flashing intact at the parapet. The underwriter writes the roof up as five to seven years of remaining life and moves on. What the imagery cannot tell anyone: The low-slope section is ponding. Water has been sitting near one of the drains for a long time. From directly overhead in dry weather, ponding is close to invisible, because the camera is looking straight down at a surface that reads flat either way. The staining that would tell the story is only obvious from an angle or from standing on it. The membrane under the ponded area is saturated and about a third of the insulation below it is wet. Second, the decking on the pitched section has two soft spots. Soft decking is found by stepping on it. A camera at forty feet does not step on anything. Close in April. The first real rain in June puts water into the back retail bay's ceiling. Tear-off and replacement of the low-slope section plus decking repairs on the pitched side come to $9,400 against a reserve of $2,000 carried for roof patching. On a deal with $61,000 of first-year cash flow projected, that is not fatal. It does eat the entire cushion kept for unknowns, in month two. Some plain definitions for anyone newer. Part 107 is the FAA certificate a pilot needs to fly commercially in the US. It says the person is qualified to operate the aircraft safely and legally. It says nothing about whether they know what a roof is supposed to look like. Ponding is standing water that does not drain within a couple of days, and it is the main killer of low-slope roofs. Low-slope means nearly flat with just enough pitch to move water. What to do differently: use the drone imagery as a reason to send someone up, never as a reason not to. And extend the inspection period by ten days and pay for the extension rather than substituting a cheaper tool for the right one. Three weeks saved is a poor trade for $9,400.