Loaned against a 31 site park, where a season means something different to a note
I put out a 285k first position note on a 31 site park, 62% of my own value opinion, 24 month term, monthly interest only. It didn't blow up, and I still got it wrong in a way I want written down.
The structure was fine for a rental building and wrong for this asset. Monthly interest only assumes monthly cash flow. This park does something like 78% of its gross between mid May and mid September. My borrower made payments 1 through 9 without a problem because he closed in April and the season carried him. Payments 10 through 14 came from savings, and payment 15, in March, came 22 days late with a phone call I didn't enjoy.
He cured it. He's current now and I expect a full payoff. What it cost me was five months of not knowing, one trip out there, and about 1,800 in legal to have my default notices reviewed before I sent anything, plus the amount of my own attention this occupied, which was the real expense.
What I got wrong in the underwrite: I ran a debt service coverage number on annual NOI. Annual DSCR on a seasonal asset with monthly payments is close to meaningless. If I'd built a month by month cash schedule I'd have seen a five month hole every single winter, visible from the first spreadsheet.
What I'd do differently. Size the payment to the off season instead of the average, and take the difference in the season. Some lenders do that with seasonal payment schedules, some with an interest reserve funded at closing out of loan proceeds, roughly five months of payments held back. I'd want the reserve, because it removes the question of whether the borrower is a saver. Whether either structure works for you depends on your documents and your state, so that's a conversation with your own attorney.
The borrower was competent and the collateral was good. My payment schedule just didn't match the way the money actually arrives.